Menu
A French P5M-2 in 1957The Marlin was designed as a aircraft to place the engines and propellers high above the spray. Power was provided by two.
The rear hull did not lift sharply from the water at the tail, instead rising up steadily, a Martin innovation; this gave the aircraft a longer base of flotation and reduced 'porpoising' over waves.The prototype had nose and tail turrets with twin 20 mm (0.79 in) cannon in each, as well as a dorsal turret with two 0.5 in (12.7 mm). The cockpit area was the same as the Mariner's. It first flew on 30 May 1948.The first of 167 production P5M-1 aircraft was produced in 1951, flying on 22 June 1951. Changes from the prototype included a raised flight deck for improved visibility, the replacement of the nose turret with a large for the AN/APS-44 search radar, the deletion of the dorsal turret, and new, streamlined wing floats.
The engine nacelles were lengthened to provide room for weapons bays in the rear.The P5M-1 was followed by 116 P5M-2 planes. These had a to put the tail surfaces out of the spray, an boom at the rear of the tail-tip, no tail guns (the gun position replaced by the antenna for the Doppler Navigation Set), better crew accommodation, and an improved bow to reduce spray during takeoff and landing.Operational history U.S. Navy The last flying boat operations of the United States Navy were patrols of.
Maritime surveillance patrols began in February 1965 to locate small craft transporting supplies from North Vietnam to units in South Vietnam. VP-40 operated from and patrolled off the delta between.
The last U.S. Navy P5M, redesignated as SP-5B, was flown to, Maryland on 12 July 1968 for interim storage pending construction of display area at the in Washington, DC. As a display area at Smithsonian did not materialize, the aircraft was later relocated to the at, Florida where it is currently on display.The Marlin was in service during the 1962 Cuban missile crisis.The last seaplane operated by the United States Navy was a Marlin, flown by on and above on 6 November 1967. Coast Guard Seven P5M-1Gs and four P5M-2Gs were built for the for service, but they found the planes difficult to maintain and surplus to requirements. They were subsequently transferred to the U.S. Navy, which redesignated them as TP-5As and used them as training aircraft, since they had no provision for armament.French Navy The took delivery of ten former U.S.
After generating the.dxd files, you can see the new files in the file list above. These are the.dxd files which you can copy to the SD card of a MADRIX PLEXUS. (Learn how to copy the files to the MADRIX PLEXUS in the next tutorial » Copying Stand-Alone Files To MADRIX PLEXUS.).
Navy Marlins between 1957 and 1959 to replace in maritime patrol service, based in, in West Africa. They were returned in 1964.Variants XP5M Prototype converted from a with modified hull. P5M-1 Production model for the, 160 built, later redesignated P-5A. P5M-1G Modified P5M-1 for the, seven conversions, later returned to the Navy as P5M-1T.
P5M-1S Modified P5M-1 with upgraded electronic and anti-submarine equipment, eighty conversion later redesignated SP-5A. P5M-1T Seven former USCG P5M-1Gs returned to Navy as crew trainers and one former P5M-1, later redesignated TP-5A. P5M-2 Updated production model, 108 built for the U.S.
Navy and 12 built for the French Navy, United States aircraft later redesignated P-5B. P5M-2 featured T-tail in lieu of low mounted horizontal surfaces in P5M-1.
P5M-2S Most P5M-2s were modified with upgraded electronic and anti-submarine equipment, later redesignated SP-5B. P5M-2G Four P5M-2s built for the USCG, later transferred to U.S. Navy as P5M-2s. P5M-3 (Model 313) Revised as with a single turbojet engine mounted. Mockup built in 1956 but lost out to Lockheed P-3 Orion. P-5A P5M-1 redesignated in 1962. SP-5A P5M-1S redesignated in 1962.
TP-5A P5M-1T redesignated in 1962. P-5B P5M-2 redesignated in 1962. SP-5B P5M-2S redesignated in 1962. Operators France.United States.Survivors One SP-5B is located at the at,. This aircraft, BuNo 135533, is believed to be the last remaining example of the Marlin. It is now displayed inside the new hangar (as of the spring of 2010) and much of the exterior has been restored.
The restoration is being financed by the museum and the Mariner/Marlin Association. Specifications (P5M-2). ^ Roberts 2000, p,663. Popular Science, August 1948, p. 90. ^ Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p.323.
An Illustrated Guide to The Air War Over Vietnam by Nalty, Bernard C., Watson, George M., and Neufeld, Jacob: Arco Publishing (1981) pp.106-107. The Naval Air War in Vietnam by Mersky, Peter B, and Polmar, Norman: Nautical and Aviation Publishing Company of America (1981) p.30. The Vietnam War by Bonds, Ray: Salamander Books (1979) p.132. Flecknoe, Harold J. United States Naval Institute Proceedings, October 1968. Siegfried, Doug (27 September 2009).
Coronado Times. Retrieved 23 February 2019.Jones, Tom (November 2016). Retrieved 23 February 2019. ^ Andrade 1979 p207.
^ Andrade 1979 p157. National Naval Aviation Museum. Retrieved: 21 February 2015. Swanborough, Gordon; Bowers, Peter M. United States Navy aircraft since 1911 (2nd ed.). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. P. 325.
Bridgman, Leonard, ed. Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1957–58. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, Ltd.
Pp. 334–335. Johnson, E.R. American flying boats and amphibious aircraft: an illustrated history.
Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. Andrade, John, U.S.Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909, Midland Counties Publications, 1979,. Barth, Bruce D., 'The Martin P5M 'Marlin'. Pacific Aero Press, 1994. Roberts, Michael D. Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons: Volume 2 The History of VP, VPB, VP(HL) and VP(AM) Squadrons.
Washington DC: Naval Historical Centre, 2000. Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter M. United States Navy Aircraft since 1911.
London:Putnam, Second edition 1976. The (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 2420External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to.
US$36 million (FY1987)Developed fromVariantsDeveloped intoThe Lockheed P-3 Orion is a four-engine and developed for the and introduced in the 1960s. Based it on the commercial airliner. The aircraft is easily distinguished from the Electra by its distinctive tail stinger or 'MAD Boom', used for the of.Over the years, the aircraft has seen numerous design developments, most notably in its electronics packages. Numerous navies and air forces around the world continue to use the P-3 Orion, primarily for,. A total of 757 P-3s have been built, and in 2012, it joined the handful of military aircraft including the, and the that have seen over 50 years of continuous use by the United States military. The will eventually replace the U.S.
Navy's remaining P-3C aircraft. Contents.Development Origins In August 1957 the U.S.
Navy called for proposals for replacement of the (later redesignated P-2) and (later redesignated P-5) with a more advanced aircraft to conduct. Modifying an existing aircraft was expected to save on cost and to allow rapid introduction into the fleet. Suggested a military version of its, then still in development and yet to fly.
In April 1958 Lockheed won the competition and was awarded an initial research-and-development contract in May. The first Orion prototype was a converted Lockheed Electra.Lockheed modified the prototype YP3V-1/YP-3A, Bureau Number (BuNo) 148276 from the third Electra airframe c/n 1003. The first flight of the aircraft's aerodynamic prototype, originally designated YP3V-1, took place on 19 August 1958. While based on the same design philosophy as the, the aircraft differed structurally: it had 7 feet (2.1 m) less forward of the wings with an opening bomb bay, and a more pointed nose, a distinctive tail 'stinger' for detection of submarines by, wing hardpoints, and other internal, external, and airframe-production technique enhancements.
The Orion has four which give it a top speed of 411 (761; 473 ) comparable to the fastest propeller fighters, or even to slow high-bypass jets such as the or the. Similar include the Soviet, the French and the British jet-powered (based on the ).The first production version, designated P3V-1, was launched on 15 April 1961. Initial squadron deliveries to and Patrol Squadron Forty Four (VP-44) at, Maryland, began in August 1962.
On 18 September 1962 the U.S. Military transitioned to a unified designation system for all services, with the aircraft being renamed the P-3 Orion.
Paint schemes have changed from early 1960s gloss blue and white to mid-1960s/1970s/1980s/early 1990s gloss white and gray, to mid-1990s flat finish low-visibility gray with fewer and smaller markings. In the early 2000s the paint scheme changed to its current overall gloss gray finish with the original full-size color markings.
However, large-size Bureau Numbers on the vertical stabilizer and squadron designations on the fuselage remained omitted. Further developments. P-3 Orions from Japan, Canada, Australia, Republic of Korea and the United States at during RIMPAC 2010.In 1963, the U.S. Navy Bureau of Weapons (BuWeps) contracted Univac Defense Systems Division of Sperry-Rand to engineer, build and test a digital computer (then in its infancy) to interface with the many sensors and newly developing display units of the P-3 Orion.
Project A-NEW was the engineering system which, after several early trials, produced the engineering prototype, the, Serial A-1, A-NEW MOD3 Computing System. The CP-823/U was delivered to the (NADC) at Johnsville, Pennsylvania in 1965, and directly led to the production computers later equipped on the P-3C Orion.Three civilian Electras were lost in fatal accidents between February 1959 and March 1960. Following the third crash the FAA restricted the maximum speed of Electras until the cause could be determined. After an extensive investigation, two of the crashes (in September 1959 and March 1960) were found to be caused by insufficiently strong engine mounts, unable to damp a whirling motion that could affect the outboard engines. When the oscillation was transmitted to the wings, a severe vertical vibration escalated until the wings were torn from the aircraft.
The company implemented an expensive modification program, labelled the Lockheed Electra Achievement Program or LEAP, in which the engine mounts and wing structures supporting the mounts were strengthened, and some wing skins replaced with thicker material. All the surviving Electras of the 145 built at that time were modified at Lockheed's expense at the factory, the modifications taking 20 days for each aircraft. The changes were incorporated in subsequent aircraft as they were built.Sales of airliners were limited as the technical fix did not completely erase the 'jinxed' reputation, turboprop-powered aircraft were soon replaced by faster jets. In a military role where fuel efficiency was more valued than speed, the Orion has been in service over 50 years after its 1962 introduction. Although surpassed in production longevity by the, 734 P-3s were produced through 1990. Lockheed Martin opened a new P-3 wing production line in 2008 as part of its Service Life Extension Program (ASLEP) for delivery in 2010.
A complete ASLEP replaces the outer wings, center wing lower section and horizontal stabilizers with newly built parts.In the 1990s, during a U.S. Navy attempt to identify a successor aircraft to the P-3, the improved was selected over a navalized variant of the twin turbofan-powered, but this program was subsequently cancelled. In a second program to procure a successor, the advanced Orion 21, another P-3 derived aircraft, lost out to the, a variant, which entered service in 2013.Design. Rolls Royce Allison T56-A-14 engine with Hamilton Standard 54H60-77 propellerThe P-3 has an internal under the front which can house conventional or and/or special weapons. Additional underwing stations, or pylons, can carry other armament configurations including the, AGM-84H/K SLAM-ER, the, 127 millimetres (5.0 in), and various other, missiles, and gravity bombs. The aircraft also had the capability to carry the guided missile until that weapon was withdrawn from U.S.//Allied service.The P-3 is equipped with a magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) in the extended tail.
This instrument is able to detect the magnetic anomaly of a submarine in the Earth's magnetic field. The limited range of this instrument requires the aircraft to be near the submarine at low altitude. Because of this, it is primarily used for pinpointing the location of a submarine immediately prior to a or depth bomb attack.
Due to the sensitivity of the detector, electromagnetic noise can interfere with it, so the detector is placed in P-3's fiberglass tail stinger (MAD boom), far from other electronics and ferrous metals on the aircraft. Crew complement The crew complement varies depending on the role being flown, the variant being operated, and the country that is operating the type. Navy service, the normal crew complement was 12 until it was reduced to its current complement of 11 in the early 2000s when the in-flight ordnanceman (ORD) position was eliminated as a cost-savings measure and the ORD duties assumed by the in-flight technician (IFT). Data for U.S. Changing a tire on a P-3CDeveloped during the, the P-3's primary mission was to track and and to eliminate them in the event of full-scale war. At its height, the U.S.
Navy's P-3 community consisted of twenty-four active duty 'Fleet' patrol squadrons home based at air stations in the states of Florida and Hawaii as well as bases which formerly had P-3 operations in Maryland, Maine, and California. There were also thirteen Naval Reserve patrol squadrons identical to their active duty 'Fleet' counterparts, said Reserve 'Fleet' squadrons being based in Florida, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Michigan, Massachusetts (later relocated to Maine), Illinois, Tennessee, Louisiana, California and Washington.
Two Fleet Replacement Squadrons (FRS), also called 'RAG' squadrons (from the historic 'Replacement Air Group' nomenclature) were located in California and Florida. The since-deactivated in California provided P-3 training for the Pacific Fleet, while in Florida performed the task for the Atlantic Fleet.
These squadrons were also augmented by a test and evaluation squadron in Maryland, two additional test and evaluation units that were part of an air development center in Pennsylvania and a test center in California, an oceanographic development squadron in Maryland, and two active duty 'special projects' units in Maine and Hawaii, the latter being slightly smaller than a typical squadron.Reconnaissance missions in international waters led to occasions where Soviet fighters would 'bump' a P-3, either operated by the U.S. Navy or other operators such as the. On 1 April 2001, between a United States Navy EP-3E ARIES II signals surveillance aircraft and a jet fighter-interceptor resulted in an international dispute between the U.S. And the People's Republic of China (PRC).More than 40 combatant and noncombatant P-3 variants have demonstrated the rugged reliability displayed by the platform flying 12-hour plus missions 200 ft (61 m) over salt water while maintaining an excellent safety record. Versions have been developed for the (NOAA) for research and hurricane hunting/hurricane wall busting, for the (now ) for drug interdiction and aerial surveillance mission with a rotodome adapted from the or an radar adapted from the, and for for research and development.The U.S. Navy remains the largest P-3 operator, currently distributed between a single fleet replacement (i.e., 'training') patrol squadron in Florida (VP-30), 12 active duty patrol squadrons distributed between bases in Florida, Washington and Hawaii, two patrol squadrons in Florida and Washington, one special projects patrol squadron (VPU-2) in Hawaii, and two active duty test and evaluation squadrons. One additional active duty fleet reconnaissance squadron (VQ-1) operates the (SIGINT) variant at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington.In January 2011, the U.S.
Navy revealed that P-3s have been used to hunt down 'third generation'. This is significant because as recently as July 2009, fully submersible submarines have been used in smuggling operations. Main article:Beginning in 1964, forward deployed P-3 aircraft began flying a variety of missions under from bases in the Philippines and Vietnam. The primary focus of these coastal patrols was to stem the supply of materials to the by sea, although several of these missions also became overland 'feet dry' sorties. During one such mission, a small caliber artillery shell passed through a P-3 without rendering it mission incapable.
The only confirmed combat loss of a P-3 also occurred during Operation Market Time. In April 1968, a U.S. Navy P-3B of was downed by anti-aircraft fire in the Gulf of Thailand with the loss of the entire crew. Two months earlier, in February 1968, another one of VP-26's P-3B aircraft was operating in the same vicinity when it crashed with the loss of the entire crew. Originally attributed to an aircraft mishap at low altitude, later conjecture is that this aircraft may have also fallen victim to AAA fire from the same source as the April incident. Main articles:, andOn 2 August 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait and was poised to strike Saudi Arabia.
Within 48 hours of the initial invasion, U.S. Navy P-3C aircraft were among the first American forces to arrive in the area. One was a modified platform with a prototype system known as 'Outlaw Hunter'.
Undergoing trials in the Pacific after being developed by Tiburon Systems, Inc. For NAVAIR's PMA-290 Program Office, 'Outlaw Hunter' was testing a specialized over-the-horizon targeting (OTH-T) system package when it responded. Within hours of the start of the coalition air campaign, 'Outlaw Hunter' detected a large number of Iraqi patrol boats and naval vessels attempting to move from and to waters. 'Outlaw Hunter' vectored in strike elements which attacked the near destroying 11 vessels and damaging scores more.
During Desert Shield, a P-3 using detected a ship with Iraqi markings beneath freshly-painted bogus Egyptian markings trying to avoid detection. Several days before the 7 January 1991 commencement of Operation, a P-3C equipped with an APS-137 (ISAR) conducted coastal surveillance along Iraq and Kuwait to provide pre-strike reconnaissance on enemy military installations.
A total of 55 of the 108 Iraqi vessels destroyed during the conflict were targeted by P-3C aircraft.The P-3 Orion's mission expanded in the late 1990s and early 2000s to include surveillance both at sea and over land. The long range and long loiter time of the P-3 Orion have proved to be an invaluable asset during. It can instantaneously provide information about the battlespace it can see to ground troops, particularly the U.S. In Afghanistan. Main article:Although the P-3 is a, armament and sensor upgrades in the Anti-surface Warfare Improvement Program (AIP) have made it suitable for sustained combat air support over land. In what became known as the 'Decade in the Desert', Navy P-3C crews patrolled combat zones in the middle east and southwest Asia.
Since the start of the current war in Afghanistan, U.S. Navy P-3 aircraft have been operating from Kandahar in that role. Royal Australian Air Force AP-3C Orions operated out of Minhad Air Base in the UAE from 2003 until their withdrawal in November 2012. During the period 2008–2012, the AP-3C Orions conducted overland intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance tasks in support of coalition troops throughout Afghanistan.The used the Orion to survey parts of southern and eastern Afghanistan for lithium, copper, and other mineral deposits. In Libya. A Pakistan Navy P-3C Orion in, in October 2010Three P-3C Orions, delivered to the in 1996 and 1997 were operated extensively during the. After the crash of one, the type was grounded due to the loss of an entire crew; nonetheless, the aircraft were maintained in an armed state and airworthy condition throughout the escalation period of 2001 and 2002.
In 2007, they were used by the navy to conduct signals intelligence, airborne and bombing operations in a. Precision and strategic bombing missions were carried out by the Orions, and in 2007, intelligence management operations were conducted against Taliban and al-Qaeda operatives.On 22 May 2011, two out of the four Pakistani P-3Cs were destroyed in an, a Pakistani Naval station in Karachi. The Pakistani fleet had been readily used in overland, counter-insurgency operations. In June 2011, the U.S. Agreed to replace the destroyed aircraft with two new ones, with delivery to follow later. In February 2012, the U.S. Delivered two additional P-3C Orion aircraft to the Pakistan Navy.
In Somalia. Main article:The deployed P-3s to assist the international effort against. On 29 October 2008, a Spanish P-3 aircraft patrolling the coast of Somalia reacted to a distress call from an in the. To deter the pirates, the aircraft flew over the pirates three times as they attempted to board the tanker, dropping a on each pass. After the third pass, the attacking pirate boats broke off their attack. Later, on 29 March 2009, the same P-3 pursued the assailants of the German navy tanker, resulting in the capture of the pirates.In April 2011, the also contributed to by sending a P-3C which had early success when on its fifth mission detected a pirate whaler with two attack skiffs.Since 2009 the has deployed P-3s to Djibouti for anti-piracy patrols, from 2011 from its own base.
As well the German Navy is contributing assets against piracy with one P-3 from time to time.Civilian uses. Aero Union P-3A Orion taking off from, California, to fight the North FireSeveral P-3 aircraft have been N-registered and are operated by civilian agencies. The has a number of P-3A and P-3B aircraft that are used for aircraft intercept and maritime patrol. Operates two variants specially modified for research.
One P-3B, N426NA, is used by (NASA) as an Earth science research platform, primarily for the 's Airborne Science Program. It is based at 's,.Aero Union, Inc.
Operated eight secondhand P-3A aircraft configured as air tankers, which were leased to the, the and other agencies for use. Several of these aircraft were involved in the but have not been involved in any catastrophic aircraft mishaps.
Aero Union has since gone bankrupt, and their P-3s have been put up for auction. Variants. Lockheed UP-3C Orion #9151Over the years, numerous variants of the P-3 have been created. A few notable examples are:.: Two P-3C aircraft as modified on the production line for weather research, including.: 10 P-3A and 2 EP-3B aircraft converted into ELINT aircraft.: 12 P-3C aircraft converted into ELINT aircraft.: Royal Australian Air Force P-3C/W aircraft which have been extensively upgraded by L-3 Communications with new mission systems, including an Elta SAR/ISAR radar and a GD-Canada acoustic processor system.: Long-range maritime reconnaissance, anti-submarine warfare aircraft for the. Based on the P-3C Orion airframe, but mounts the more advanced electronics suite of the; 18 built.: Three P-3s without ASW equipment for Canadian Aurora crew training and various coastal patrol missions. proposed new-build and improved variant as a P-3 Orion replacement later canceled.
Orion 21 proposed new-build and improved variant as a P-3 Orion replacement; lost to the. P-3K2: Royal New Zealand Air Force P-3K2 aircraft which have been fully upgraded with totally new mission systems by L-3 Mission Integration Division, Greenville, Texas. The flight deck now has 'glass' instrumentation and navigation computer automation. The Tactical Rail (Tacrail) has been completely refitted with modern sensors, communication and data management systems.Operators. Department of Homeland Security P-3AEW&C to track drug couriers Military operators. – six P-3B; based at,. – 18 AP-3C, 1 P-3C., and; based atIn 2002, the RAAF received significantly upgraded AP-3C.
Also known as Australian Orions they are fitted with a variety of sensors. They include digital multi-mode radar, electronic support measures, electro-optics detectors (infrared and visual), magnetic anomaly detectors, identification friend or foe systems, and acoustic detectors.
The Boeing P-8 Poseidon is gradually replacing them. The P-3 Orion celebrated 50 years of RAAF service in November 2018. – 9 P-3AM (Upgraded) in 2008 (12 ex-USN airframes purchased). Integrated with the (Fully Integrated Tactical System)utilized in.
– four P-3A; based at Base Aeronaval Torquemada,. Three used as patrol aircraft, one used for personnel transport. Chile plans to extend their service lives past 2030 by changing the wings, modernizing the engines, and integrating the anti-ship missile. – Canada purchased 18 P-3A in 1980.
The are operated by, (all three from ),. The RCAF also operated 3 CP-140A Arcturus, P-3 aircraft purchased in 1991 without an anti-submarine warfare suite and used primarily for pilot training and long-range surface patrol.
The last two were retired in 2011. – eight P-3C CUP+ (ex ); based at, Marinefliegergeschwader 3 Graf Zeppelin.
– six P-3B operated jointly with the, 1 in operable condition as of 2019, 3 additional of the planes are undergoing maintenance as of 2016 which should return them to airworthy condition, the first of which was completed in May 2019. – four P-3F (71ASW SQN); based at (Shahid Douran Air Base). – 93 P-3C, five EP-3, five OP-3C, one UP-3C, three UP-3D. The assembled five airframes produced by Lockheed, and then Kawasaki produced more than 100 P-3s under license in Japan. The is gradually replacing them. (1984–2017). – six P-3K2 ; based in.
Operated by 5 SQN. Five were originally delivered in 1966 as P-3Bs. Another was purchased from the RAAF in 1985.
All six have been upgraded by L-3 Communications Canada and now designated as P-3K2, with the first upgraded aircraft delivered back to New Zealand in April 2011. The New Zealand Government announced they are to be replaced in 2023 with the purchase of 4 Boeing P-8A Poseidons. An interim upgrade contract worth NZ$36M has been awarded to Boeing to upgrade the underwater intelligence, reconnaissance and surveillance capability of the P-3K2, with a capability similar to what is provided in the P-8. – four P-3C, two P-3N ; based in. – Four P-3C; based in. Upgraded P-3C MPA and P-3B AEW models (equipped with Hawkeye 2000 AEW system) ordered in 2006, first upgraded P-3C delivered in early 2007. In June 2010, two more upgraded P-3Cs joined the Pakistan Navy with anti-ship and submarine warfare capabilities.
A total of nine (9). Two aircraft were destroyed in an attack by armed militants at the Mehran Naval Airbase. – five P-3C CUP+ (ex ) operated by, based in. They replaced six former RAAF P-3Bs upgraded to P-3Ps in the late 1980s. The last P-3P flew on 13 October 2011. – eight P-3Cs, eight P-3CKs; based in. / are upgrading the P-3C aircraft with new electronics, including new, electro-optical sensors, surveillance equipment and a self-protection suite.
The Navy's impetus stems from a 2010 experience in which ROK forces detected only 28% of North Korean submarines involved in exercises. – Two P-3A HWs, four P-3B ( ex-Norway) being upgraded to P-3M, based at. The Spanish AF bought five P-3B from Norway in 1989 and it was planned to upgrade all five to M standard, however, due to budgetary constraints only four are to be upgraded, the remaining aircraft being used as spares source. (1966–1967) – Least known of all P-3 family. Three P-3As (149669, 149673, 149678) were obtained by the from the U.S. Navy under Project STSPIN in May 1963, as the replacement aircraft for CIA's own covert operation fleet of RB-69A/P2V-7U versions.
Converted by Aerosystems Division of LTV at Greenville, Texas, the three P-3As were simply known as 'black' P-3As under 'Project Axial'. Officially transferred from U.S. Navy to CIA on June/July 1964, LTV Aerosystems converted the three aircraft to be both ELINT and COMINT platform. First of three 'black' P-3As arrived in Taiwan and officially transferred to ROCAF's top secret on 22 June 1966.
Armed with four Sidewinder short range AAM missiles for self-defense, the three 'black' P-3A flew peripheral missions along the China coast to collect SIGINT and air samples. When the project was terminated in January 1967, all three 'black' P-3As were flown to NAS Alameda, CA, for long term storage. In September 1967, Lockheed at Burbank, converted two of the three aircraft (149669 and 149678) into the only two EP-3B examples in existence in the world, while the third aircraft (149673) was converted by Lockheed in 1969–1970 to serve as a development aircraft for various electronic programs. The two EP-3Bs known as 'Bat Rack', owing to their short period of service with Taiwan's 'Black Bat' Squadron, were issued to U.S. Navy's VQ-1 Squadron in 1969 and deployed to Da Nang, Vietnam. Later, the two EP-3Bs were converted to EP-3E ARIES, along with seven EP-3As. The two EP-3Es retired in the 1980s, when replaced by 12 EP-3E ARIES II versions.
– The Taiwan Navy obtained 12 P-3C aircraft under the U.S. Government's Foreign Military Sales program in 2007 which were then modernized to provide an additional 15,000 flight hours. 12 P-3Cs (Ordered, with deliveries starting in 2012), with three 'spare' airframes that might be converting to EP-3E standard; based in south part of the island and offshore island. In May 2014 Lockheed Martin were awarded a contract to upgrade and overhaul all 12 P-3Cs for completion by August 2015.
– 100 P-3Cs and 14 EP-3Es in service. The government of has expressed an interest in buying surplus P-3C aircraft from the U.S.
Navy.Former military operators. – – former operator. – two P-3Ts, one VP-3T, one UP-3T; based at RTNAB U-Tapao (102 Sqn). Whithdrawn from active service in 2014.Civilian operators United States. – two WP-3Ds flown by NOAA Commissioned Corps officers, previously based at, now based at, Florida. – one ex-USN P-3B; based at 's, Virginia used for low altitude heavy lift airborne science missions, modified to support passive microwave instruments, such as 's Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR), 's 2-DSTAR, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) polarimetric scatterometer (POLSCAT) instruments. / / – eight P-3 AEWs; based at and and, Florida.
Used for and duties. Former USN aircraft, modified and equipped with the same radar as fitted to the. / / – 8 P-3 LRTs (Long Range Tracker). Former USN aircraft also based at, Texas and, Jacksonville, Florida. ^ 16 March 2011 at the navy.mil, 18 February 2009.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. ^ 11 November 2010 at the Aeroflight.co.uk, 31 July 2010.
Retrieved: 16 November 2010. 1 September 2011 at the p3orion.nl. Retrieved: 7 June 2011. ^ 24 March 2010 at the GlobalSecurity.org.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 27 March 2007 at the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons — Volume 2, p. Retrieved: 7 July 2012. Thomas, Todd J. 15 July 2011 at the p3oriontopsecret.com, 2010. Retrieved: 9 December 2010.
^ Serling, Robert J., Loud and Clear, Dell, 1970. 4 November 2012 at the Flight 17 February 1961 p.225. Murphy, Pat. mtexpress.com, 2010.
Retrieved: 16 November 2010. 23 November 2010 at the Federation of American Scientists (FAS). Retrieved: 25 January 2011. Barbour, John (14 July 1990). Associated Press.
P. 6C. 18 September 2011 at the deagel.com, 4 September 2008.28 July 2010 at the history.navy.mil.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 12 January 2010 at the fas.org.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 29 January 2011 at the abcnews.go.com, 30 September 2004.
Retrieved: 28 July 2010. 19 January 2011 at the defensetech.org, 14 January 2011. Retrieved: 25 January 2011. Page, Lewis. 5 November 2010 at the The Register, 6 July 2010. Retrieved: 25 January 2011.
10 May 2007 at the vpnavy.org. Retrieved: 14 July 2010., pp. 42–49. ^ Chudy, Jason.29 October 2009 at the lockheedmartin.com. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. Rogoway, Tyler (2 July 2014). Foxtrot Alpha. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
Chudy, Jason. 11 June 2009 at the military.com.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. Archived from on 29 April 2013. Risen, James.
15 December 2014 at the The New York Times, 13 June 2010. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 11 October 2016 at the The Telegraph. Retrieved: 7 January 2012. Strelieff, Captain Jill.
12 December 2011 at the Sicily Air Wing Public Affairs, 4 October 2011. Retrieved: 7 January 2012. 20 July 2011 at the africom.mil, 29 March 2011. Retrieved: 29 March 2011. Mackey, Robert. 17 June 2012 at the The New York Times, 23 May 2011. Retrieved: 10 April 2012.
Pakalert Press. Archived from on 29 May 2011.
2 September 2011 at the Dawn.com, 17 June 2011. 19 February 2017 at the News International, 22 February 2012.
Retrieved: 9 April 2012. 1 November 2008 at the news24.com. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 16 June 2009 at the dvidshub.net, 28 October 2008. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 5 June 2012 at the, 5 April 2011.
Retrieved: 28 June 2011. Allied Maritime Command Headquarters Northwood, 29 April 2011. Retrieved: 28 June 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2016. 2 February 2017 at the The Aviationist Retrieved 21 November 2016. 9 December 2016 at the Retrieved 21 November 2016.
19 May 2017 at the Reuters Retrieved 21 November 2016. ^. From the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2013. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. 19 December 2008 at the raaf.gov, 29 March 2009.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 24 November 1999. From the original on 21 November 2016.
Retrieved 20 February 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. brazil.eads.net. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 2 October 2013 at the – Dmilt.com, 13 July 2013. Green, William (1988).
Aircraft (37 ed.). Frederick Warne. Royal Canadian Air Force. From the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 14 January 2018. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=.
Igor, Bozinovski (21 May 2019). From the original on 21 May 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2019. Cite uses deprecated parameter deadurl=. Polmar 2005, p. 416. 30 September 2017 at the Retrieved 28 September 2017 (in Japanese).
From the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2019. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 10 July 2018.
Retrieved 9 July 2018. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. From the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2019. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 12 January 2019.
Retrieved 11 January 2019. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. Ansari, Usman. defencenews.com, 30 January 2010. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. Ansari, Usman. 5 October 2012 at the expressindia.com, 14 February 2007.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. Perrett, Bradley, Sub-hunting, Aviation Week and Space Technology, 8 July 2013, p.27. Pocock, Chris. The Black Bats: CIA Spy Flights Over China From Taiwan, 1951–1969. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing, 2010.
Lockheed Martin. Lockheed Martin.
From the original on 14 November 2017. Retrieved 13 November 2017. P-3- The Taiwan Navy obtained 12 P-3C aircraft under the U.S.
Government’s Foreign Military Sales program in 2007 which were then modernized to provide an additional 15,000 flight hours. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. Washington Post, 13 March 2009. Retrieved: 14 July 2010.
Archived from on 31 May 2014. From the original on 19 January 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. Hoyle, Craig. 1 May 2011 at the Flight via flightglobal.com, 15 December 2010.
Retrieved: 19 December 2010. Eastmunt, Catherine. 11 June 2009 at the Wallops Flight Facility: NASA. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 29 October 2009 at the cbp.gov, 11 March 2009. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 29 October 2009 at the cbp.gov, 11 March 2009.
Retrieved: 14 July 2010. 26 August 2018 at the, accessed 28 August 2018 at.
5 October 2007 at the aerounion.com, 2003. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. at the. From the original on 14 July 2015.
Retrieved 8 July 2015. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. Ranter, Harro and Fabian I. 4 November 2012 at the Aviation Safety Network, 2005. Retrieved: 28 June 2011. 19 November 2010 at the Arlington National Cemetery.
Retrieved: 25 January 2011. 6 June 2011 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 28 June 2011.
9 October 2014 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 21 January 2012. 9 July 2011 at the Web Archives United States Navy. Retrieved: 21 January 2012.
22 May 2013 at the U.S.Navy Patrol Squadrons. Retrieved: 21 January 2012. 10 March 2012 at the Lewiston Sun Journal.
Retrieved: 20 January 2012. Jampoler, Andrew C.A. Adak: the rescue of Alfa Foxtrot 586. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2003. ^ 10 November 2015 at the VPI Book of Remembrance, 27 September 2008. Retrieved: 7 July 2012. From the original on 24 March 2016.
Retrieved 12 September 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. 16 April 2016 at the youtube.com. Retrieved: 7 July 2012.
From the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2013. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. Ranter, Harro.
From the original on 13 September 2016. Retrieved 12 September 2016. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=.
22 July 2011 at the. Navy Patrol Squadrons. Retrieved: 25 January 2011.
at the. Verbal Account from RAAF Flight Lieutenant Richard Hall. at the. 'A P-3 ditches with Four engines Out, All Survive.' 25 February 2014 at the. Retrieved 20 February 2014. Brookes 2002, pp.
101–110. Ranter, Harro.
From the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=.
Jung, Ahmed, Faraz Khan and Jahanzaib Haque. 23 May 2011 at the tribune.com, 23 May 2011.
Retrieved: 23 May 2011. Mackey, Robert. 17 June 2012 at the The New York Times, 23 May 2011. Retrieved: 10 April 2012. Archived from on 10 May 2014.
Retrieved 16 July 2016. Stars and Stripes. 18 February 2014.
From the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. From the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2015. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 1 December 2017.
Retrieved 18 November 2017. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url= CS1 maint: archived copy as title. From the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2018. Cite uses deprecated parameter dead-url=. ^ 15 August 2012 at the lockheedmartin.com. Retrieved: 13 October 2012.
^ 5 June 2011 at the Naval-Technology.Com. Retrieved: 1 August 2010.Bibliography. Royal Australian Air Force, 28 November 2008. Retrieved: 14 July 2010. Brookes, Andrew. Destination Disaster. London: Ian Allan, 2002.
Eden, Paul (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft. London: Amber Books, 2004.
McCaughlin, Andrew. 'Quiet Achiever.' Australian Aviation, December 2007. Polmar, Norman.
The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press, 2005. Reade, David (1998). The Age of Orion: The Lockheed P-3 Orion Story. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer publications. Canberra: Australian National Audit Office (ANAO), 2005.
Winchester, Jim, ed. 'Lockheed P-3 Orion.' Military Aircraft of the Cold War (The Aviation Factfile). London: Grange plc, 2006.External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to.